Primary head and neck lymphoid neoplasms in adolescents and young adults: demographics, distribution and survival outcomes.

Abstract

Primary head and neck lymphoid neoplasms(PHNLN) are described as a series of lymphoid system-derived neoplasms which originally arising from head and neck region. Our study is aimed to present a panoramic view of PHNLN among adolescent and young adult(AYA) patients aged from 15 to 39 years-old. The individual patient information was obtained from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results(SEER) database. Male patients outnumbered female patients in most pathological subtypes, with noticeable male predilection observed in Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL). Classical Hodgkin lymphoma(CHL) accounted for 92.23% of Hodgkin lymphoma. Mature B-cell neoplasms constituted the majority of non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL). DLBCL was the most common pathological subtype, followed by follicular lymphoma(FL). Tonsil, salivary glands (especially parotid gland) and nasal cavity were the most three frequent extranodal organs involved. Patients with extranodal involvement exhibited worse prognosis compared to those with lymph node confinement. Patients who suffered from precursor NHL and mature T/NK-cell NHL exhibited prolonged disease-specific survival compared to those with HL, PCN and mature B-cell NHL. AYA patients with absence of other SPM showed dramatic lower risk of death than those with occurrence of SPM. Patients with HL had a favourable survival advantage over those with mature B-cell NHL. Patients with precursor NHL and mature T/NK-cell NHL were at remarkable higher risk of death than those with mature B-cell NHL. Our study elucidated the demographics, distribution of anatomic sites and pathological subtypes, and survival outcomes of PHNLN among AYA population, enhancing comprehension of this rare sort of cancer entities.