Primary Endobronchial Plasmacytoma with Mediastinal Lymph Nodes treated with Radical Radiotherapy: A Case Report with Review of Literature

Abstract

Malignant proliferation of plasma cells arising outside the bone marrow or osseous sites is known as extramedullary plasmacytoma. Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma (SEP) are commonly located in upper respiratory tract and sinuses. Involvement of lower respiratory tract is rarely seen in case of SEP. Here, the authors report a case of endobronchial plasmacytoma in a 41-year-old male patient, without any medical risk factors presenting with complaint of blood stained sputum. Radiological imaging confirmed endobronchial mass in right main bronchus. Histopathology with immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of plasmacytoma. Work-up for multiple myeloma was negative. Thus, patient was subsequently planned for radical radiotherapy for the primary disease. The patient tolerated the treatment well and was asymptomatic at the time of last follow-up. Solitary Endobronchial Plasmacytoma (SBP) is a rare presentation of SEP. Radical radiotherapy yields excellent local control rates and symptomatic benefit. Close surveillance for development of multiple myeloma is required at periodic intervals.