Abstract
Biomass energy is an important component in the overall structure of renewable energy and has the greatest potential for increasing volumes. However, the peculiarities of the properties of agro-industrial residues are a significant disadvantage of their widespread use. The process of torrefaction allows to bring the characteristics of biofuel as close as possible to thermal coal. Different degree of heat treatment of biomass leads to a product with different heating value. Therefore, it is important to know the optimal mode of torrefaction, which will provide the best energy parameters of biofuels.Researches of torrefaction were carried out on the basis of educational and scientific laboratory "DAK GPS" of the State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilia. The kinetics of the relative mass of different types of biomass at different processing temperatures was considered. The dependence of the degree of torrefaction on the heat treatment temperature is revealed. As shown by studies for most biomaterials of plant origin, we can distinguish the beginning of intensive transformation and its end, after which there is a sharp slowdown in weight loss, and, accordingly, and the energy density of the samples.
Highlights
The growth rate of the bioenergy sector in the world is constantly growing, which requires the expansion of opportunities and improvement of technologies in existing areas of renewable energy
The main activity of the laboratory is to improve the energy performance of biomass by thermal treatment, which results in torrefied products
In the process of torrefaction, the potential energy of biomass is compacted by removing moisture from the wood, as well as volatile substances formed during the decomposition of hemicellulose and partial decomposition of cellulose and lignin
Summary
The growth rate of the bioenergy sector in the world is constantly growing, which requires the expansion of opportunities and improvement of technologies in existing areas of renewable energy. From this point of view, one of the most promising renewable energy sources is biomass. The main obstacles to the use of plant biomass as a solid fuel are some of its physical characteristics: low energy density, heterogeneity, particle size, etc. The peculiar chemical-physical properties, which appear as highly variable shape, size, moisture content, density, chemical composition (different proportion and nature of the hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) and high concentrations of minor species, such as chlorine, alkali metals, nitrogen and sulphur, strongly modify the reactivity of both the starting material and the intermediate products of the decomposition and gasification processes
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