Abstract
With the rapid development of power electronics technology, microgrid (MG) concept has been widely accepted in the field of electrical engineering. Due to the advantages of direct current (DC) distribution systems such as reduced losses and easy integration with energy storage resources, DC MGs have drawn increasing attentions nowadays. With the increase of distributed generation, a DC MG consisting of multiple sources is a hot research topic. The challenge in such a multi-source DC MG is to provide voltage support and good power sharing performance. As the control strategy plays an important role in ensuring MG’s power quality and efficiency, a comprehensive review of the state-of-art control approaches in DC MGs is necessary. This paper provides an overview of the primary and secondary control methods under the hierarchical control architecture for DC MGs. Specifically, inner loop and droop control approaches in primary control are reviewed. Centralized, distributed, and decentralized approach based secondary control is discussed in details. Key findings and future trends are also presented at last.
Highlights
Modern power networks are complex adaptive systems which have undergone extensive changes over the past two decades
These loads often behave as constant power loads (CPLs) and present negative incremental impedance resulting in degrading stability margins
Following the hierarchical control structure, this paper provides a comprehensive review of primary and secondary control in direct current (DC) MGs
Summary
Modern power networks are complex adaptive systems which have undergone extensive changes over the past two decades. It is clearly seen that there is an increasing trend on the DC MGs over the past decade Under such a context, this paper reviews the control strategies in DC MGs. Figure 2 shows a typical DC MG configuration with a common DC bus. It is worth noting that the DC MG topology may differ from radial single feeder configuration to two-pole or ring configuration Control strategies in such a multiple source based DC MG need to solve the following issues: 1) DC bus voltage maintenance; 2) Load sharing among parallel sources; 3) Power quality. To tackle these issues, hierarchical control is often adopted because it introduces a certain degree of independence between different control levels.
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