Preweaning growth curves in Brown Swiss and Pirenaica calves with emphasis on individual variability.

Abstract

A quadratic polynomial model with random regression coefficients was used to describe preweaning growth curves of two beef cattle breeds widely used in the Spanish Pyrenees, according to genotype and season of birth effects. In addition, parameters of individual variability that can be used in a stochastic model were obtained. Data recorded indoors from birth to weaning of 217 Brown Swiss calves (3,509 observations) born either in spring or autumn (BS-S, BS-A) and 101 spring-born Pirenaica calves (PI-S, 967 observations) were analyzed. A quadratic model accurately fitted the preweaning weights (R2 = .99). Use of random regression coefficients improved the weaning weight adjustment; the residual variance of the model with intercept and linear random coefficients (9.61 kg2) was smaller than that of the model without them (130.03 kg2). Brown Swiss-S and PI-S calves had similar birth weight (40.9 +/- .96 vs 39.4 +/- .73 kg), but BS-S calves achieved significantly higher weaning weights at 150 d of age (175.2 +/- 2.45 vs 158.4 +/- 3.17 kg). Preweaning growth patterns were different for each season of birth, but there were no differences in weaning weight at 150 d of age (172.9 +/- 2.01 BS-A vs 175.2 +/- 2.45 BS-S). Standardization of weaning weights using a linear approximation could lead to biases, especially when comparing animals from the two calving seasons. The estimate of variances of random parameters should be done within breed and season of birth in order to take into account heteroscedasticity. The variances for BS-A, BS-S, and PI-S were 39.9, 57.6, and 32.2 kg2 for the intercept, respectively, and .0159, .0141, and .0205 kg2 for the linear coefficient. Covariance between the intercept and the linear coefficient (.34 kg2) was only statistically significant in the case of BS-S. The individual variance of weight at 150 d was 424.7 kg2 and 526.7 kg2 for BS-S and PI-S, respectively, almost 65% of the observed variance of weaning weight.