Abstract
Recent literature reviews (Cancer Res. 35:3295, Cancer Res. 35:3427, 1975) have re-emphasized the importance of vitamin A in the differentiation and maintenance of integrity of epithelium and increasing resistance to some forms of cancer. We have observed an increased incidence of colon carcinoma (100% vs. 60%) in rats deficient in vitamin A and exposed to dimethylhydrazine (Cancer Res. 33:1003, 1973). Other studies have shown that a marginal dietary level of vitamin A not only enhanced liver cancer in rats exposed to aflatoxin B1 but resulted in a 29% incidence of colon cancer as well (J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 50:439, 1973). Recent unpublished results with DMH-induced colon tumors indicated a significant protection from increased dietary levels of vitamin A analog, 13-Cis retinoic acid (20/20 vs. 8/20 animals with tumors, 3.1 vs. 2.3 average tumors/animal). These data correlate with depressed glycopeptide synthesis by the gut epithelium (J. Biol. Chem. 245:4551, 1970). Results of these studies indicate that a deficiency of dietary vitamin A can increase susceptibility to DMH-induced colon tumors in rats, resulting in colon tumors as well as liver tumors in rats exposed to aflatoxin B1 and that that the retinoid, 13 Cis-retinoic acid can inhibit colon tumor induction by DMH. These findings further substantiate the importance of adequate vitamin A and the potential for the therapeutic use of 13-Cis retinoic acid.
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