Abstract
Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is a medicinal plant with antioxidant-rich fruits. Diniconazole, a broad-spectrum fungicide, is employed extensively. The present study was designed to evaluate the preventive efficiency of C. mas fruit extract (CME) against the toxic effects of diniconazole on a model organism, Allium cepa L. For this aim, physiological, cytogenetic and biochemical parameters as well as the meristematic cell damages were investigated in A. cepa treated with diniconazole and C. mas extract. A. cepa bulbs were divided into six groups which were treated with tap water, 0.5 g/L CME, 1.0 g/L CME, 100 mg/L diniconazole, 0.5 g/L CME + 100 mg/L diniconazole and 1.0 g/L CME + 100 mg/L diniconazole, respectively. Diniconazole application caused a significant reduction in germination percentage, root elongation and total weight gain. Mitotic index decreased, while chromosomal aberrations increased following diniconazole application. Diniconazole caused significant rises in malondialdehyde content and the total activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes. The meristematic cell damages induced by diniconazole were indistinct transmission tissue, epidermis cell deformation, thickening of the cortex cell wall and flattened cell nucleus. Aqueous C. mas extracts induced a dose-dependent prevention and amelioration in all damages arisen from diniconazole application.
Highlights
Agriculture is a vital spot for economic development for many countries
The physiological effects of diniconazole fungicide and C. mas fruit extract (CME) on A. cepa bulbs were examined with respect to germination, root growth and weight increase parameters (Table 2)
There was no remarkable difference between the groups treated with CME (Groups 2 and 3) and the control group treated with tap water in all three parameters
Summary
Agriculture is a vital spot for economic development for many countries. Since plant diseases, weeds and pests are the most considerable concerns for adequate crop production worldwide, the pest control is a crucial step for eliminating the yield losses[1]. Xu et al.[4] stated that its long half-life duration and highly lipophilic character let diniconazole fungicide have crucial risk potential for untargeted organisms It is widely used in agricultural production processes, diniconazole was proven to be a suppressor for plant growth, chlorophyll synthesis and p hotosynthesis[8,9,10,11]. Allium cepa L., a test material approved by the Environmental Protection Agency, the United Nations Environmental Programme and the World Health Organization, is a simple model used to assess the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of risky p ollutants[20] It has been utilized since the 1920s due to its cells with large and well stained chromosomes (2n = 16)[21]. Owing to its fast growing roots, A. cepa bulbs provide satisfying data on the relationship between genotoxicity and oxidative stress along with the growth-retardation effect of a pollutant
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