Preventive effects of individualized dietary and exercise interventions on gestational diabetes mellitus in gravidas with overweight and obesity before pregnancy

Abstract

Objective To investigate the preventive effects of individualized dietary and exercise intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in gravidas with overweight and obesity before pregnancy. Methods A quasi-experimental trial was conducted in a level three class A hospital in Beijing. A total of 66 pregnant women, who met the inclusion criteria and went to outpatient during gestational weeks 8-12, were divided into experimental group (n=32) and control group (n=34) according to the sequence of hospitalization time. The patients of control group were given prenatal diets, excises and the knowledge education of body weight increasing, while the patients of experimental group were taken individualized interventions and weekly telephone follow-up. We compared 50 glucose screening test positive rate between two groups when gravidas were in gestational 24-28 weeks. Results The incidences of 50 glucose screening test positive rate and GDM were 53.1% and 28.1% in the experimental group, while they were 82.4% and 55.9% respectively in the control group(χ2=6.491, 5.200; P<0.05). Conclusions Individualized dietary and exercise direction can effectively decrease the incidence of GDM for gravidas with overweight and obesity before pregnancy. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Gestation; Overweight or obese before pregnant; Individualized diet guide; Individualized exercise