Abstract
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian ginseng), has been used as a powerful tonic herb with an impressive range of health benefits. This medicinal herb has been commonly used to treat bone metabolism diseases due to its traditional Korean medicine use to strengthen muscle and bone. This study was conducted to investigate prevention of bone loss by a standardized extract of dried E. senticosus stem bark in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. The OVX groups were divided into five groups treated with distilled water, 17β-estradiol (E2 10 μg/kg, once daily, i.p) and dried stem bark of E. senticosus extracts (DES 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, once daily, p.o) for eight weeks, respectively. After eight weeks of treatments, the femur bone mineral density of the 100 mg/kg DES-treated group was significantly higher than that of the OVX-control group (16.7%, p < 0.01) without affecting the body, organs, and uterus weights, and serum estradiol levels. Additionally, bone markers such as serum ALP, CTx, and OC levels were significantly decreased in the DES 100 mg/kg treated group. These results show that DES is able to prevent OVX-induced in bone loss without the influence of hormones such as estrogen.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass and alteration in bone architecture, resulting in increased fracture risk [1]
This study suggested that E. senticosus has bone health effects in secondary osteoporosis, it has been reported that after 6 month treatment with E. senticosus leaves extracts no significant changes in bone mineral density (BMD) were observed in Korean post-menopausal women [26]
Loss in the femur and inhibited the bone markers such as serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), CTx, and OC levels compared to the OVX-control group without the influence of hormones such as estrogen
Summary
Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass and alteration in bone architecture, resulting in increased fracture risk [1]. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are well known regulators of bone metabolism These cytokines are known as highly potent bone resorption cytokines [19,20,21] and may mediate increased bone turnover markers [22] From the above reports, it is hypothesized that the anti-inflammatory action of E. senticosus [13,17,23] might have potential anti-osteoporotic effects in an animal model via inhibition of bone turnover markers. This study suggested that E. senticosus has bone health effects in secondary osteoporosis, it has been reported that after 6 month treatment with E. senticosus leaves extracts no significant changes in bone mineral density (BMD) were observed in Korean post-menopausal women [26]. Serum estradiol concentration was determined by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit
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