Abstract
BackgroundA combination of parts of Cornus officinalis, Rosa multiflora, Lespedeza bicolor, Platycladus orientalis, and Castanea crenata is commonly used for alleviating inflammatory skin disorders. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo preventive effects of a novel herbal formula made from the five plants (C2RLP) against atopic dermatitis in BALB/C mice.MethodsMice were allocated into five groups (n = 8) including, control (Normal, petrolatum, and betamethasone treated) and treatment groups (treated with 2.5 and 5% C2RLP ointment). Atopic lesion was induced by applying 1-Chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene to the dorsal thoracic area of mice. Macroscopical and histological evaluations were performed to determine the effects of treatment on the progress of the skin lesions. The effects of treatment on the production and release of interleukins, interferon -ϒ, nitrite, prostaglandin E2, thymus and activation-receptor chemokine, and β-hexosaminidase were evaluated and comparisons were made between groups. In addition, the chemical compounds present in C2RLP were identified by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.ResultsTopical application of C2RLP reduced the dermatitis score and suppressed histopathological changes in mice. Treatment significantly reduced (P < 0.05) plasma IL-4 level, the production of nitrite, prostaglandin E2, and thymus and activation-receptor chemokine production. The lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS-mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells was also suppressed by high concentrations of C2RLP. In addition, C2RLP showed an inhibitory effect against DPPH free radical (IC50 = 147.5 μg/ml) and β-hexosaminidase release (IC50 = 179.5 μg/ml). Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of various compounds, including loganin, ellagic acid, and kaempferol 3-glucoside.ConclusionDown-regulation of T- helper 2 cellular responses and suppression of inflammatory mediators contributed to the protective effects of C2RLP from atopic dermatitis in BALB/C mice.
Highlights
A combination of parts of Cornus officinalis, Rosa multiflora, Lespedeza bicolor, Platycladus orientalis, and Castanea crenata is commonly used for alleviating inflammatory skin disorders
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic skin disease characterized by complex symptoms such as drying and thickening of the skin, and scratch marks that are frequently associated with immunoglobulin-E (IgE) hyper-responsiveness to environmental allergens
C2RLP attenuates the symptoms of atopic dermatitis in mice by modifying local and systemic inflammation
Summary
A combination of parts of Cornus officinalis, Rosa multiflora, Lespedeza bicolor, Platycladus orientalis, and Castanea crenata is commonly used for alleviating inflammatory skin disorders. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic skin disease characterized by complex symptoms such as drying and thickening of the skin, and scratch marks that are frequently associated with immunoglobulin-E (IgE) hyper-responsiveness to environmental allergens. Activation of T-helper 2 (Th2) and mast cells are mentioned in the development of AD [4]. It is associated with an increase in serum concentration of Th2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL) -4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13. Authors suggested that the release of β-hexosaminidase from degranulated mast cells, high levels of serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E, and the expression of proinflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitrite (NO) are important determinants in the propensity of mice to AD [8, 9]
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