Abstract
ABSTRACT A study was conducted to investigate the influence of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPS) and inorganic selenium supplementation in the drinking water on behavior, performance, and immunity of Arbor Acres® and Ross®308 broilers exposed to E. coli O157:H7 1.6 × 108 challenge at the 10th day of age. 180 one-day-old female broilers were divided into six groups, each with 30 chicks. G1 and G4 were supplied with 1 mL SeNPS 100 mg.L-1/L, G2 and G5 were supplied with 1 mL inorganic selenium 100 mg.L-1/L, and G3 and G6 were supplied with non-supplemented water. Where, G1, G2, and G3 were Arbor Acres®, while G4, G5, and G6 were Ross®308 broilers. A total of 1280 samples (160 sera, 160 intestinal swabs and 960 organ samples including liver, spleen, bursa, heart, breast muscles, and thymus) were collected in a study period of 38 days. A highly significant increase (p<0.01) of weight gain, feed conversion, performance index, total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, immunoglobulin G and M, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase was recorded in G4 Ross®308 compared to other supplemented and control groups. G1 Arbor Acres® and G4 Ross®308 broilers, also revealed a highly significant decline (p<0.01) in total bacterial and enterobacteriaceae counts of intestine and breast muscles compared to G2 Arbor Acres® and G5 Ross®308 broilers and to controls. Photomicrographs revealed a higher degree of cellular and tissue protection in G4 and G5 Ross®308 compared to G1 and G2 Arbor Acres® broilers. An improvement from SeNPS supplementation was detected on behavior, performance, bacterial load, immunological, antioxidant profiles, and tissue architecture in broilers breeds with special reference to Ross®308 compared to Arbor Acres® broilers.
Highlights
The poultry industry worldwide has witnessed large scale intensification proportional to the growing population
The present study aimed to investigate the influence of supplementing broiler’s drinking water with 1 mL of selenium nanoparticles (Green synthesized selenium nanoparticles – SeNPS – at concentration of 100 mg/ 1L) compared to 1 mL commercial inorganic selenium (Selenite - SEDICO® at concentration of 100 mg/ 1L) on productive performance, behavior, intestinal and muscular bacterial loads (Total bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae counts), biochemical and immunological profile, and histopathological architecture of two broiler breeds (ArborAcres® and Ross®308) exposed to E. coli O157:H7 challenge at the 10th day of age
Our results revealed that 1 mL (100 mg/1 L) of inorganic selenium and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were not able to enforce enough protection against E. coli pathognomonic lesions and in Arbor Acres® broilers represented as severe perihepatitis and pericarditis that extended to the myocardium resulting in myocarditis
Summary
The poultry industry worldwide has witnessed large scale intensification proportional to the growing population. Intensification in poultry industry demands proactive preventive measures and enhancing supplemental to maintain high productivity, minimize disease risk, and lessen the influence of environmental stressors. Rearing broilers under adverse conditions produce oxidative stress, including extreme freeradical formation and dispersion, cell destruction, and production losses (Schwean-Lardner et al, 2012). It was established that using complexes containing vitamins, minerals, and selenium improved productivity, increased weight gain by 8.46 %, and improved feed conversion by 3.1% (Trukhachev et al, 2016). Selenium is a nutritionally essential for chickens, to maintain an optimum health, 0.15 mg/kg diet is suggested for broilers during the growth period. Selenium is an important structure of eRBCA-2019-1129
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