Abstract
Abstract The effective prevention and treatment of adolescent substance abuse, like that for any public health problem, require a clear understanding of causes and the context in which these causes operate. Research on the origins of adolescent substance abuse is asking many important questions: How do different drugs affect the brains of different adolescents at different stages of maturation? How do environmental conditions increase or decrease the probability of substance abuse? Are there individual sensitivities to drugs of abuse that increase the risk of a substance use disorder? How do social factors produce contagion of drug abuse among adolescents? Are there specific treatments or prevention interventions for specific types of adolescent substance abuse? How do biological, psychological, and social factors account for failed prevention efforts or drug treatment relapse, and how common is it? This promising body of research carries with it the potential to create more effective approaches to the prevention of adolescent substance abuse as well as guiding treatment efforts.
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