Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of hydrated calcium silicate filler (hCS) on resin-based pit and fissure sealants’ acid neutralization, calcium ion release, and mechanical and physical properties. To produce the hCS filler, Portland cement (CS) was mixed with distilled water and ground into fine particles. The particles were then mixed with silanized glass filler and added to a photo-activated resin matrix. To evaluate the acid neutralization and calcium ion release properties, the specimens were immersed in a pH 4.0 lactic acid solution and distilled water for 28 days. Also, the flexural strength, depth of cure, water sorption, and solubility were tested. All of the groups containing hCS and CS required less than one minute to increase the pH from 4.0 to 5.5. With 50% hCS, the calcium ion release was higher than 50% CS in the distilled water at the initial time. The flexural strength and depth of cure decreased according to the increasing proportion of hCS added. The water sorption and solubility had an increasing trend as increasing proportions of hCS were added. These findings showed that pit and fissure sealant containing hCS exhibit superior acid neutralization and calcium release properties, and may be promising for caries-inhibiting dental material.
Highlights
Dental caries is a chronic oral disease that influences most populations and is considered harmful to global oral health [1]
The water sorption and solubility had an increasing trend as increasing proportions of hydrated calcium silicate filler (hCS) were added. These findings showed that pit and fissure sealant containing hCS exhibit superior acid neutralization and calcium release properties, and may be promising for caries-inhibiting dental material
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the development of a pit and fissure sealant containing hydrated calcium silicate filler to prevent dental caries
Summary
Dental caries is a chronic oral disease that influences most populations and is considered harmful to global oral health [1]. Pits and fissures comprise only 12.5% of tooth surfaces but account for 88% of caries in children [3]. Several studies assessed various treatments for high-risk patients exposed to dental caries including mechanical plaque control using brushing, chemical treatment of acid-resistant tooth structures via the application of fluoridate supplements, and physical sealing of pits and fissures using sealants [4,5,6]. Pit and fissure sealants for children and adolescents have been demonstrated and applied in a relatively safe and effective manner for more than 60 years [7]. Secondary caries or recurrent caries often occurs around sealed pits and fissures between the tooth structure and material due to either microleakage induced by the materials’ polymerization shrinkage or partial detachment from the tooth [9,10,11]
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