Prevention of recurrence of urolithiasis

Abstract

Urolithiasis is one of the most frequent urological diseases. Identifying the causes of stone formation forms the basis for successful prevention of recurrence. Metabolic diagnostics and measures for prevention of recurrence are based on the assignment of the patient to alow-risk or high-risk group. Analysis of the urinary calculi is an essential prerequisite for identifying patients at risk. The general recommendations on diet and lifestyle are considered to be the basis of treatment. Depending on the type of stone and the individual biochemical risk profile of apatient, these general measures should be supplemented by targeted medical nutrition therapy and pharmacological treatment. Mixed stones can pose achallenge for the treatment and prevention of recurrence. Apersonalized treatment decision that takes the various components of mixed stones into account could further improve the prevention of recurrence of urolithiasis.