Abstract
Two natural mixtures, Allium sativum fermented extract (BGE) and cannabinol oil extract (CBD), were assessed for their ability to inhibit and remove Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on soft contact lenses in comparison to a multipurpose Soft Contact Lens-care solution present on the Italian market. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027 strain) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains isolated from ocular swabs were tested. Quantification of the biofilm was done using the microtiter plate assay and the fractional inhibitory concentration index was calculated. Both forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa generated biofilms. BGE at minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed inhibition percentages higher than 55% for both strains, and CBD inhibited biofilm formation by about 70%. The care solution at MIC inhibited biofilm formation by about 50% for both strains tested. The effect of BGE on the eradication of the microbial biofilm on soft contact lenses at MIC was 45% eradication for P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and 36% for P. aeruginosa clinical strain. For CBD, we observed 24% biofilm eradication for both strains. For the care solution, the eradication MICs were 43% eradication for P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and 41% for P. aeruginosa clinical strain. It was observed that both the test soft contact lenses solution/BGE (fractional inhibitory concentration index: 0.450) and the test soft contact lenses solution/CBD (fractional inhibitory concentration index: 0.153) combinations exhibited synergistic antibiofilm activity against most of the studied bacteria. The study showed that BGE and CBD have good effect on inhibition of biofilm formation and removal of preformed biofilms, which makes them promising agents that could be exploited to develop more effective care solutions.
Highlights
Diseases related to the eye are frequently observed in clinical practice
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention established that there were about 41 million soft contact lens wearers aged ≥18 years in the United States in 2015, and most of them behaved in a manner that put them at risk of contracting eye infections
Figure shows the total biomass of microbial biofilms on soft and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strain
Summary
Diseases related to the eye are frequently observed in clinical practice. Soft Contact lenses have a great impact on improving vision, but their use can often be associated with a risk of infections [1].Eye infections related to the use of soft contact lenses are linked to various risk factors such as fallingAntibiotics 2019, 8, 258; doi:10.3390/antibiotics8040258 www.mdpi.com/journal/antibioticsAntibiotics 2019, 8, 258 asleep with contact lenses, wetting the lenses with water, not replacing soft contact lenses periodically and reusing the disinfectant solution [2].Several studies have reported that adolescent and young adult soft contact lens wearers present greater risks of contracting eye infections compared to adult or elderly wearers likely because the former have incorrect hygienic practices for maintenance of their soft contact lenses [3,4].The Center for Disease Control and Prevention established that there were about 41 million soft contact lens wearers aged ≥18 years in the United States in 2015, and most of them behaved in a manner that put them at risk of contracting eye infections. Eye infections related to the use of soft contact lenses are linked to various risk factors such as falling. In 2016, in the United States, it was estimated that one in seven adolescent and one in six adult soft contact lens wearers stated that they had at least one risky episode of eye infection. They reported falling asleep with soft contact lenses, swimming with soft contact lenses, and replacing the containers and storage solution at intervals longer than recommended [5]
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