Abstract
The use of injectable bulking agents is a feasible alternative procedure for conventional surgical therapy. In this study, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microspheres coated with polydopamine (PDA) were developed as a potential injection agent to prevent migration in vocal fold. Uniform PDMS microspheres are fabricated using a simple fluidic device and then coated with PDA. Cell attachment test reveals that the PDA-coated PDMS (PDA-PDMS) substrate favors cell adhesion and attachment. The injected PDA-PDMS microspheres persist without migration on reconstructed axial CT images, whereas, pristine PDMS locally migrates over a period of 12 weeks. The gross appearance of the implants retrieved at 4, 8, 12 and 34 weeks indicates that the PDA-PDMS group maintained their original position without significant migration until 34 weeks after injection. By contrast, there is diffuse local migration of the pristine PDMS group from 4 weeks after injection. The PDA-coated PDMS microspheres can potentially be used as easily injectable, non-absorbable filler without migration.
Highlights
Soft-tissue augmentation with injectable bulking agents is a feasible alternative procedure for conventional surgical therapy for various diseases
To overcome its inherent hydrophobicity, we developed PDA-coated PDMS microspheres as a potential bulking agent for soft-tissue augmentation to prevent the migration of injected PDMS microspheres
There have been reports on the process referred to as mussel-inspired coating.[17]. This approach is inspired by the adhesion of mussels to rocks in wet environments, and it has been reported that the adhesive proteins secreted by mussels mainly contain dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and lysine, which has attracted significant attention in the field of biomaterials
Summary
Soft-tissue augmentation with injectable bulking agents is a feasible alternative procedure for conventional surgical therapy for various diseases. CaHA is the only approved biocompatible material for vocal fold augmentation by the United States Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health.[22] We compared the volume change after CaHA and PDA-coated PDMS injection into the vocal fold to verify the lower migration of the injected PDMS microspheres. Histological sections were stained with standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Alcian Blue staining, and Masson’s trichrome to evaluate the remaining injection materials and to identify the immune-inflammatory tissue reaction in the vocal fold (epithelium, lamina propria, and muscular layer). A micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanner (Polaris-G90; NanoFocusRay, Jeonbuk, Korea) was used to identify the injected material in the vocal fold 4 and 34 weeks after the operation with the same protocol
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