Abstract
Municipal wastewater sludge incineration (MWSI) leads to products of incomplete combustion, including chlorinated species such as dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs). Other pollutants, such as heavy metals (HM), are released too as a consequence of feed traces, which depend on the specific activities of each area. The main aim of this work is to determine whether the early separation of the potential catalysts on the PCDD/Fs formation –HM as copper or zinc– offers a promising way to prevent the emission of these trace pollutants, considering that the current end-of-pipe measures don’t ensure their stable emission. Experimental results cover the size distributed target metal contents along the incineration line. These results show a high concentration of copper in the most penetrating aerosol size range of the electrostatic precipitator (0.6 μm - 1.0 μm), and how low emission values of both, total and metallic aerosol (mass basis), are compatible with irregular and unexplained outliers of PCDD/Fs emission.
Highlights
Municipal wastewater sludge incineration (MWSI) are used to reduce the volume of the waste from urban wastewater treatments as well as for sanitizing the final material, but leads to the emission of many toxic pollutants, such as gases, heavy metals (HM) and organic compounds
MWSI are used to reduce the volume of the waste from urban wastewater treatments as well as for sanitizing the final material, but leads to the emission of many toxic pollutants, such as gases, HM and organic compounds
This is a crucial issue for MWSI lines which are usually close to or even within densely populated urban areas due to their functional needs
Summary
MWSI are used to reduce the volume of the waste from urban wastewater treatments as well as for sanitizing the final material, but leads to the emission of many toxic pollutants, such as gases, HM and organic compounds. The analysis of toxic pollutants is carried out off-line with time delays over one month, the operation of air pollution control devices lacks in quantitative evidence about the actual performance of the line To overcome this absence of information, many studies have attempted to establish relationships with measurable variables (such as sludge composition or process temperatures) or to search for more measurable surrogates. Briois et al.[9] studied the influence of water vapour content on the congener distribution of PCDD/Fs
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