Abstract
to discuss in the scientific literature the strategies used to prevent hypothermia in newborns undergoing surgical procedures. this is an integrative literature review, with structured search in April and May 2020 in 08 databases, using the descriptors: Hypothermia; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Infant, Newborn; Protocols. Four primary studies were selected and analyzed using three instruments to assess the methodological quality of the Joanna Briggs Institute and content analysis. Among the strategies used, the following stand out: room temperature control; establishment of humidification and quality of air conditioning cleanliness; use of a heated incubator or cradle; use of thermal mattress; use of caps and blanket; heated fluids; temperature monitoring and abdominal organ coverage. good hypothermia prevention strategies were identified, despite the small number of publications on this topic; thus, it points out the need for research with strong evidence.
Highlights
METHODInadvertent hypothermia in a surgical procedure is a problem for patients worldwide and is associated with harmful side effects(1)
The question that guided the research was: what are the strategies used to prevent hypothermia in NBs submitted to surgical procedures? Its elaboration was based on the PICO strategy (Population; Intervention; Comparison; Outcomes)(19), being P- NB, submitted to surgical procedures, I - strategies used to prevent hypothermia, C - not applicable and O - prevention of hypothermia
These were distributed in PubMed (2; 50%), followed by Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) (1; 25%) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) (1; 25%) databases, published in the last 50 years, totaling as a sample 268 NBs submitted to surgical procedures
Summary
Inadvertent hypothermia in a surgical procedure is a problem for patients worldwide and is associated with harmful side effects(1). In newborns (NBs), hypothermia is characterized by a reduction in body temperature reaching values below 36.5oC(2) This is the result of an internal redistribution of body heat from the nucleus to the periphery, followed by heat loss greater than metabolic production(3). It is necessary to have an accurate view of health professionals and, in particular, the nursing team, for prevention of hypothermia in surgical NBs(15) In this sense, the need for studies that aim to: identify the procedures that predispose to perioperative hypothermia is highlighted; determine the relative value of quality improvement interventions; characterize the morbidity and mortality associated with perioperative hypothermia in neonatal patients(16); seek new methods and care strategies for surgical NB, ensuring quality care, safe and free from risks and damage(15).
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