Abstract
Abstract Unregulated activation of microglia is the major cause of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is a common risk factor for chronic diseases, including neurodegeneration. In this study, N-acetyl chitooligomers (NA-COS, below 1 and 1–3 kDa) were produced from crab chitin using an ultrafiltration membrane system and investigated for their capabilities against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in murine microglia (BV-2 cells). NA-COS significantly decreased the oxidation of DNA by diminishing the intracellular ROS production. Furthermore, NA-COS upregulated the protein and gene expressions of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione), thereby enhancing the intracellular antioxidant. Notably, NA-COS inhibit NF-κB activation by blocking degradation of the inhibitor of kappaB-alpha (IκB-α) and translocation of nuclear factor NF-κB (p65 and p50). Collectively, NA-COS could be potential agents for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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