Abstract
In the underwater welding of the low-alloyed high-strength steels of 17G1S or H60 types the unfavorable combination of the hardening structures and the high level of hydrogen leads to the cold cracking. The article aim is to clarify the mechanism of cold cracking and to suggest the measures of their prevention. The Tekken samples14 mmthick were used for research which were welded under the water at a depth of1 m. 5 polished sections were cut from each sample and the presence of cracks was determined. Various welding materials as well as the explosion treatment were used for welding. It is determined that the radical means of reduction of the diffusible hydrogen in the HAZ is the use of welding austenitic materials. The necessary and sufficient range of the equivalent weld metal alloying by chromium (17.5 ... 23.0%) and nickel (18 ... 28%) to prevent cold cracking is specified. The pre-shock-wave treatment of welded edges which forms a compression stress is also useful.
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