Abstract
Invasive fungal infections remain a major issue in solid organ transplantation (SOT). The incidence and type of fungal infection vary among organ groups. While invasive candidiasis is the most frequent fungal infections in all SOT, invasive mold infections (IMIs) present as a predominant type of invasive fungal infections in lung transplantation. In lung transplantation, a major challenge is to distinguish invasive infection from colonization of airways. Among other SOT recipients, liver transplant recipients show some specific features of IMI with more frequent disseminated disease. The main mold involved in invasive diseases in SOT recipients is Aspergillus spp. The treatment of choice of IA is voriconazole. Side effects such as liver toxicity and skin toxicity, particularly frequent in SOT recipients, should be kept in mind. Prophylactic strategies vary among organ groups, according to the incidence of mold infection, local epidemiology, and possible side effects of the antifungal drugs. However, modalities and efficacy of prophylactic measures are still debated.
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