Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections.

Abstract

Section 1 Perspectives: the control of infections in hospitals - 1750-1950 cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis in infection control the modern infection control practitioner heath care reform and the hospital epidemiologist in the US. Section 2 Management: regulatory, accreditation, and professional agencies influencing infection control programs controversies in isolation policies and practices organizing for infection control with limited resources microbiology: the role of the clinical laboratory health psychology. Section 3 Epidemiology methods: surveillance, reporting and use of computers what to do about high endemic rates of infection epidemics: identification and management design and analytical issues in studies of infectious diseases statistics in infection control studies. Section 4 Special locations: outpatient/out of hospital care issues infection contra issues in same-day surgery extended care facilities. Section 5 Special problems: the threat of antibiotic resistance optimal use of antibiotics multidrug resistant enterococci and the threat of vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aurous epidemiology of nosocomial tuberculosis. Section 6 Protecting employees: protecting employees from injury and infection management of exposures to infections. Section 7 Environmental issues: hospital environment for high-risk patients environment issues and nosocomial infections the operating theatre: a special environment area disinfection, sterilization and waste disposal the hospital and pollution: role of the hospital epidemiologist in protecting the environment laboratory-acquired infections infectious biohazards associated with laboratory animal research nosocomial infections related to patient care support. Section 8 Preventing specific infections: handwashing, hand disinfestation, and skin disinfestation nosocomial blood stream infections IV-related infections nosocomial pneumonia urinary tract infections surgical infections including burns perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis infection in implantable prosthetic devices nosocomial gastrointestinal infections uncommon infections of the eye prevention and control of nosocomial infections in obstetrics and gynaecology. Section 9 Special patients: infection in the newborn the paediatric patient the elderly solid-organ transplant patients bone marrow transplant patients the AIDS patient protecting recipients from blood and blood products.