Prevención primaria de diabetes tipo 2 en Argentina: estudio piloto en la provincia de Buenos Aires

Abstract

Lifestyle interventionsPrevent/delay the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in people with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting blood glucose (IGT and IFG, respectively), alone or combined. ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of adopting a healthy lifestyle on the clinical manifestation of T2DM in people at risk of its development. MethodologyA prospective study will be conducted, using the FINDRISC questionnaire, on participants selected from three municipalities of the Province of Buenos Aires (La Plata, Berisso and Ensenada). An oral glucose tolerance test will be performed on those participants who exceed their risk score (≥ 13). The study will include all people with IGT/ IFG who wish to participate and sign an informed consent form. They will be randomly divided into two groups: a) self-administered intervention and b) Intensified Intervention (monthly group sessions on healthy meal plan and weekly sessions of physical activity). Both groups will be followed-up for two years. Questionnaires will be used to assess welfare (WHO-5), eating habits, and physical activity of each participant at baseline and every six months of follow-up. Individual anthropometric measurements and laboratory analysis will be performed in both groups at 0, 12 and 24 months. The cost-effectiveness of the strategies implemented will also be assessed. Results and conclusionsThe results of the study will allow to: a) demonstrate the feasibility and cost of such programs, b) identify genotypes of people at risk that would facilitate early implementation of effective prevention strategies; c) define whether these interventions would also improve other associated cardiovascular risk factors, d) Identify and quantify microangiopathy lesions (retinal micro-aneurysms) in a population with IGT/IFG, and e) identify barriers and interdisciplinary strategic alliances for effective implementation of such programs.