Abstract
Cancer of the upper and middle gastrointestinal tract may develop in association with several underlying diseases, known as pre-malignant lesions. However, there are no homogeneous recommendations for prevention and follow-up of these conditions. The monitoring of pre-malignant lesions involves the endoscopic follow-up of individuals who are at increased risk for malignancy, or in whom a neoplastic lesion has been identified and removed. Over time, a little more is known about the natural history of many of these conditions. In this article, the screening and endoscopic monitoring of the following premalignant lesions will be presented: achalasia, caustic ingestion, tylosis, Barrett's oesophagus, gastric polyps, gastric atrophy, pernicious anaemia, intestinal metaplasia, and hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes.
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