Prevelance and Causes of Facial Hyperpigmentation in Egypt: Dermoscopic and Histopathological Study

Abstract

Abstract Background One of the most common dermatological complaints from patients with skin of color is dyspigmentation, particularly hyperpigmentation. The challenge for clinicians is to establish correct diagnoses along with successful treatments to meet the needs of the increasingly diverse population. Aim of the Work To identify the prevalence and the causes of facial hyperpigmented lesions in Egyptian people by using dermoscope and histopathological examination. Patients and Methods This study is a prospective cross-sectional non-controlled study that included 125 patients with facial hyperpigmentary lesions on the face. The patients were randomly recruited from the outpatient clinic of Dermatology at Ain Shams University Hospitals, during the period from July 2017 till December 2018. Results In our study, 67 patients (44%) had melasma; 25patient (16%) PIH and 23 (15%) patients showed freckles. In addition, SK was diagnosed in 10 patients (6%), phototoxicity in 4 patients (2.5%), 11(7.5%) patient was diagnosed with LPP, riehls melanosis was also diagnosed in 3 patients (2%), 2 patient presented with epidermal naevi (1.8%) and one patient presented with naevus of ota (0.5%) and one with solar lentigo (0.5%). Conclusion Dermoscopic examination can be dignostec in some diseases like SK and it can be helpful the determine the level of pigmentation and to expect the treatment results. And correlation between histopathology and dermoscopy can be helpful to reach the final diagnosis ant to determine the best treatment choice.