Abstract
The worldwide overweight prevalence showed a rapid increase in recent decades, featuring a true global epidemic. The aim of this study was to determine the overweight prevalence (BMI ≥ 25kg/m2) and possible associations with socioeconomic and demographic indicators for adults in Brazil. This epidemiological study analyzed data from the population of adults aged 20-59 years (n = 101 308 637) included in the 2008-2009 Brazilian Family Budget Survey (POF) conducted in all geographic regions of Brazil. The nutritional status assessment used the Body Mass Index, which was categorized as normal weight and overweight according to cutoff points recommended by the World Health Organization. As socioeconomic and demographic indicators, sex, age, color-race, education, income, and geographic region were analyzed. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression was performed. The results showed that the overweight prevalence was 47.7%, and the groups with the highest prevalence were adults aged 20-59 years, males, black skin color, schooling from 6 to 9 years , income of 1/4 ≥ minimum wage <1/2 and living in Southern Brazil. Almost half of adults in Brazil are overweight. Strategic actions aimed at reducing the overweight prevalence among adults in Brazil are needed to combat the obesity epidemic.
Highlights
The World Health Organization[1] has estimated that in 2008, 1.4 billion people worldwide were overweight (Body Mass Index - BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), and the estimate for 2015 is an increase of 900 million people
The adjusted analyses for all demographic and socioeconomic variables identified that each year of life had a probability of about 2% for the individual to become overweight (BMI ≥ 25.00kg/m2)
Males showed a 10% higher probability of being overweight (BMI ≥ 25.00kg/m2) than females; black and white adults had probability of about 3% and 5%, respectively, of excess weight greater than brown adults; individuals with low schooling level had 3% to 6% higher prevalence of being overweight (BMI ≥ 25.00kg/m2) than those with higher schooling; low-income adults showed approximately 20% higher likelihood of being overweight (BMI ≥ 25.00kg/m2) than higherincome adults, and Brazilians living in the southern region of the country had higher overweight (BMI ≥ 25.00kg/m2) prevalence than those living in Northern Brazil
Summary
The World Health Organization[1] has estimated that in 2008, 1.4 billion people worldwide were overweight (Body Mass Index - BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), and the estimate for 2015 is an increase of 900 million people. A survey with 88% of the global population estimated that for 2030, 3.3 billion people around the world will be overweight[2]. In Brazil, estimates indicate an increase in overweight prevalence among adults. From 1975 to 2003, for example, the overweight prevalence increased from 25% to 40%, approximately[3,4]. The Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Interviews, 2011, showed that overweight ranged from 39.8% to 55.4% in the entire adult population of the 26 state capitals and Federal District[5]
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