Prevalencia del síndrome de agotamiento profesional (burnout) en médicos familiares mexicanos: análisis de factores de riesgo

Abstract

IntroductionBurn-out syndrome refers to a psycho-social problem that is common among physicians. ObjectiveTo determine its prevalence and risk factors in Mexican family physicians. MethodObservational, descriptive-cross-sectional study, by means of self-administration of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) in a random sample with proportional allocation of 240 physicians. The descriptive statistics and the inferential analysis were made with support of the SPSS 12.0 and Epi-info V 6.1. Results97.5% of the answers were obtained. We detected Burnout syndrome in 41.6% of the physicians. We found significant differences based on gender, age group, number of children, seniority, and type of job contract. ConclusionsBurn-out syndrome is frequent (41.6%) in family physicians, and its main risk factors are: Being a woman, 40 years-old or more, with children, with a minimum of 10 years at the workplace, and a long-term contract. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization had a negative correlation, and lack of personal accomplishments at work had a positive correlation with the syndrome. It is necessary to establish preventive measures and interventions at the individual, social, and organizational levels to reduce its prevalence.