Prevalencia de defectos visuales en trabajadores españoles. Repercusión de variables sociodemográficas y laborales

Abstract

IntroductionSpain over 60% of the population over 40 years has a refractive error highlighting myopia, astigmatism and hyperopia. The greater or lesser presence of ocular defects has been linked to the socio environment with particular jobs. The objectives of this study to assess the prevalence of visual defects in service workers and establish relationships with sociodemographic variables (age and gender) and labor (work performed). Material and methodsCross-sectional study on 1,080 workers between 18-65 years, companies in the service sector in Spain. Sociodemographic variables (age, gender), labor (job) and consumption of fruits and vegetables were recorded. We used SPSS 20.0 for calculation, ResultsAstigmatism is the most common visual impairment. Hyperopia is more prevalent in women. Both farsightedness and astigmatism show an upward trend parallel to the increasing age. Nonmanual (white collar) workers have a higher prevalence of visual disturbances being alone in myopia. There is no relationship between the prevalence of visual impairment and consumption of fruits and vegetables. There is a relationship between the prevalence of myopia and using data display screens, especially in males. ConclusionsEarly detection of visual defects and subsequent control and monitoring for Labor health coordinated with ophthalmologists and technical support prevention could facilitate an improvement in the visual health of the population.