Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii as a food-borne pathogen, the infection of it in food animals has relation with human toxoplasmosis, but the trends and epidemiological features of T. gondii infections in food animals are rarely studied in China. The aimed of this study was to assess the epidemiology and risks of T. gondii in sheep, goats, swines, chickens, yaks, cattle and humans from 2000 to 2017 and to explore prevention and control strategies. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infections in food animals is 23.7% (39,194/165,417, 95%CI, 23.49–23.90%), which is significantly higher than that in humans (8.2%, 95%CI, 8.06–8.39%, 8,502/103,383) (P < 0.0001). Compared the prevalence of T. gondii infections in animals and humans sampled from 2000 to 2010, it was significantly increased in the period 2011 to 2017 (P < 0.0001). Compared the food animals from non-Yangtze River, animals from regions of the Yangtze River have high seroprevalence rates for T. gondii (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, samples from the western to eastern regions of the Yellow River showed an increase in seroprevalence for T. gondii (P < 0.0001). It was speculated that T. gondii oocysts may be transmitted by water and annual precipitation possible help the oocyst spread and retain accessible for potential hosts. Effective prevention and control strategies are including water filtration or water boiling, inactivating oocysts from feline’s feces, monitoring birds and rodents. Chinese 1 (ToxoDB#9) is the predominant genotype in food animals from China.
Highlights
Toxoplasmosis, which is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most common zoonoses around the world, affecting warm-blooded animals, including humans (Zhou et al, 2008; Dubey, 2010)
ToxoDB#10 is the second most common genotype (14.29%), whereas ToxoDB#3 (3.58) are rarely detected. These findings indicate that T. gondii in food animals from China have limited genetic polymorphisms
Chinese scientists have obtained lots of viable T. gondii isolates from chickens, swines, sheep, and cats, indicating T. gondii is widespread in China
Summary
Toxoplasmosis, which is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most common zoonoses around the world, affecting warm-blooded animals, including humans (Zhou et al, 2008; Dubey, 2010). It is estimated that about one-third of the world’s population has been infected with T. gondii (Montoya and Liesenfeld, 2004; Weiss and Dubey, 2009). T. gondii infections are subclinical or asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals (Wang et al, 2017). T. gondii poses a high risk in immunocompromised individuals for severe health problems (Weiss and Dubey, 2009; Wang et al, 2017). Toxoplasma gondii in Food Animals and Humans From China
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