Prevalence, Predictors and Treatment Outcome of Type 2 Diabetes among Newly Diagnosed Sputum Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Western Cameroon

Leonard Sama Fonkeng

doi:10.23937/2474-3658/1510031

Abstract

Prevalence, Predictors and Treatment Outcome of Type 2 Diabetes among Newly Diagnosed Sputum Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Western Cameroon

Highlights

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be the leading killer among bacterial diseases worldwide [1,2]
38.74% [86/222] of the total population were human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) positive with higher prevalence found in patients from Bamenda 29.74% [66/222] compared to those from Bafoussam 9% [20/222] and almost all HIV positive patients were on Anti-Retro-Viral (ARV) treatment
The observed prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among TB patients in our study is comparable to that reported in Uganda where the prevalence of DM among the TB patients was found higher (8.5%) than DM prevalence reported in the general population 2.2% [4], higher than that reported in Nigeria [20]

Summary

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be the leading killer among bacterial diseases worldwide [1,2]. It is estimated that one-third of the world’s population have TB infection, and there are 9.4 million new cases of TB per year [3]. The World Health Organization [WHO] suspects that TB control is being undermined by the growing number of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. In 2011, the International Diabetes Federation [IDF] estimated that about 366 million people worldwide have diabetes mellitus (DM) [4]. 80% of these people live in the low and middle income countries where tuberculosis (TB) is highly prevalent [5]. Diabetic patients have impaired cell mediated immunity, renal failure, micronutrient deficiency and pulmonary microangiopathy, all of which increase their propensity to develop TB [6]. DM is known to alter the clinical presentation of TB and its outcomes in terms of delayed sputum/culture conversion, case fatality and treatment failure [7]

Objectives

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Discussion

Conclusion