Abstract
Purpose: Sleep disorders have become epidemic throughout the worldwide, at the same time due to Multiple social changes, the same thing can be said for the vitamin D deficiency disorders, including the use of air conditioning and sunscreen, have produced a world-wide epidemic of vitamin D deficiency, then taking in consideration the proposed concept that since vitamin D plays an important role in the brainstem control of sleep, which is supported by the presence of vitamin D receptors in same areas are considered to play a role in the initiation and maintenance of sleep, this relation may not be strong as causative association but presence of either may have worsening effect on the other. Methods: The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of between serum 25-hydroxy [25 (OH)] vitamin D levels and severity of disease in patients with OSAS, among the cosmopolitan (multi-national) population of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Two hundred and sixty nine (269) patients were included in the study, all who were referred to the sleep clinic at Rashid hospital – Dubai health Authority, during the period of three years from 2012 to 2014. Serum 1-25 Di Hydroxy Chole Caciferaol (vitamin D), were evaluated. Results: Among the 148 patients who had OSA; those who were vitamin D deficient represent 16.1% of the Mild OSA group, 7.3% of the moderate OSA group and 7.9% of the Severe OSA group, while at the same time those who were vitamin D insufficient represent 29% of the Mild OSA group, 39% of the moderate OSA group and 31.6% of the Severe OSA group. Conclusions: When the severity of OSA increases, then vitamin deficiencies, becomes more pronounced(but not significant), Thus subjects with more severe OSA indices tended to present lower vitamin D levels; furthermore Vitamin D deficiency may play a role and/or worsen OSA’s. We need to study more OSA adverse outcomes on glucose metabolism, in relation to vitamin D deficiency & insufficiency, as may be considered for supplementation treatment.
Highlights
Vitamin D factsVitamin D is often referred to as the sunlight vitamin, because skin or dermal synthesis is the main manufactures and is the major natural source, Pre-vitamin D3 is synthesized non-enzymatically from 7-dehydrocholesterol during exposure to the ultraviolet (UV) rays in sunlight, undergoes a temperature-dependent re-arrangement to form vitamin D3
When we looked at the 144 patients who had the vitamin D level checked, we found that; 23 patients had normal vitamin D levels, 84 patients had vitamin D insufficiency and 30 patients had vitamin D deficiency [7]
In the 39 patients with severe sleep apnea we found 23% had normal vitamin D, 61.5% had vitamin D insufficiency and 15.5% had vitamin D deficiency in general
Summary
Vitamin D is often referred to as the sunlight vitamin, because skin or dermal synthesis is the main manufactures and is the major natural source, Pre-vitamin D3 is synthesized non-enzymatically from 7-dehydrocholesterol during exposure to the ultraviolet (UV) rays in sunlight, undergoes a temperature-dependent re-arrangement to form vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D is present in Very few and limited foods naturally, including dairy products, fatty fish like tuna and fortified breakfast cereals [1]. It’s often hard to meet daily requirement of vitamin D from food sources alone, may increase risk of a vitamin D deficiency if individuals receive limited exposure to sunlight. Vitamin D is a hormone that interacts with intra-nuclear receptors to effect transcriptional changes in many cell types including those in gut, bone, breast, prostate, brain, skeletal muscle, and the immune system Disorders associated with fat malabsorption, such as celiac disease, Crohn disease, pancreatic insufficiency, cystic fibrosis, short gut syndrome, and cholestasis liver disease, are associated with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels.
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