Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections and Associated Factors among Female Students at Africa Renewal University, Uganda

Abstract

Research shows that women are more prone to developing UTIs compared to men due to women`s reproductive physiology and anatomy, poor hygiene, sexual intercourse and use of contraceptives. UTIs have become a challenge in Uganda. This study determined the prevalence of UTIs and associated factors among female students at Africa Renewal University. A cross-sectional study was adopted. Data was collected by the use of Self-administered questionnaires and by examination of urine specimens collected from each participant. The female student’s population at AfRU, as of April 2019 was 137 but only 106 were enrolled in the study. Of the 106 respondents, 22 (20.7%) had UTIs, 84 (79.3%) female students were negative. Numerically, the factors associated that showed a relationship with UTIs were age (20.0%), water consumption, using antibiotics taking caffeinated beverages, material of underwear, leaking urine before reaching toilet and feeling strong urge to urinate but statistically there was no significance Statistical analysis did not show significant relationship between UTI and knowledge of UTI prevention/treatment/causes and hygiene practices. Statically, only one factor (water consumption) had significant relationship with UTIs (P-value 0.002). Compared to national average and other studies done by scientific scholars, the prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection among students of Africa Renewal University was found to be high (20.7%). This high prevalence highlights the epidemiological and clinical significance of Urinary Tract Infections within this context and calls for the need to provide diagnostic and treatment services for students. There is need for health education programs on UTIs in Universities and further research is required in a bigger university setting targeting both males and females.