Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection among Women in Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu: Treatment Approach and Perspectives

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent a significant health burden, particularly among women worldwide. Understanding the prevalence and associated risk factors of UTIs is crucial for effective management and treatment. This research focuses on exploring the prevalence of UTIs in women in Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, and identifying the microbial agents responsible for these infections. Aim: The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections among women in Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, and to investigate associated risk factors. Additionally, the research aims to evaluate the microbial agents causing UTIs in the region to inform the development of tailored and effective treatment strategies. Study Design: A Prospective Observational Study was conducted over a period of 6 months at the Outpatient and Obstetric and Gynaecological department of a Tertiary Healthcare Teaching hospital. Female patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of UTIs were recruited for participation in the study after providing informed consent. Methodology/Methods: Data collection encompassed various parameters including patient demographics, symptoms, urine culture results, prescribed antibiotics, and concurrent medications. A sample size of 480 participants was determined through an extensive review of literature. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the collected data. Results: Out of the 480 participants, 117 individuals tested positive for UTIs, indicating a prevalence rate of [24.4%]. The age group 15-24 exhibited the highest incidence of UTIs, with a mean age of 30. Educational and marital status was found to influence infection rates. Common symptoms included increased frequency of urination and painful urination. E.coli was identified as the primary pathogen responsible for UTIs. Cephalosporin antibiotics were the most frequently prescribed treatment modality. Conclusion: Urinary tract infections are prevalent among women in Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, as evidenced by the findings of this study. The identification of associated risk factors and microbial agents provides valuable insights for clinical decision-making and the development of tailored treatment approaches. These findings underscore the importance of continued research in UTI management to address the global health burden posed by this infection.