Abstract
To compare the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) before and during the COVID-19 quarantine in CrossFit women and their relationship with training level. A cross-sectional study was performed among 197 women practicing CrossFit. The inclusion criteria were nulliparous women, between 18 and 45 years old, who had trained, before quarantine, in accredited gyms. The exclusion criteria were not following the COVID-19 prevention protocols and having UI on other occasions than just sport. An online questionnaire was emailed containing questions about frequency, duration, and intensity of training and data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were invited to answer whether they were infected with COVID-19 and what treatment/recommendation they have followed. Whether UI stopped among participants, they were asked about the possible reasons why this happened. The training intensity was categorized as "the same," "decreased" or "increased." The mean age of the participants was 32 years old and most (98.5%) could practice CrossFit during the pandemic. There was a decrease in training intensity in 64% of the respondents. Exercises with their own body weight, such as air squat (98.2%), were the most performed. Urinary incontinence was reported by 32% of the participants before the COVID-19 pandemic, and by only 14% of them during the pandemic (odds ratio [OR] = 0.32 [0.19-0.53]; p < 0.01; univariate analysis). Practitioners reported that the reason possibly related to UI improvement was the reduction of training intensity and not performing doubleunder exercise. The reduction in the intensity of CrossFit training during the COVID-19 quarantine decreased the prevalence of UI among female athletes.
Highlights
Urinary incontinence (UI) during exercise, termed athletic incontinence, is defined as the involuntary loss of urine during physical exercise.[1]
The reduction in the intensity of CrossFit training during the COVID-19 quarantine decreased the prevalence of UI among female athletes
Utilizou-se um questionário online com perguntas sobre frequência, duração e intensidade do treinamento e dados relacionados à pandemia, além de caso tivessem tido infecção pelo SARS-COV2, qual tratamento/recomendação seguiram
Summary
Urinary incontinence (UI) during exercise, termed athletic incontinence, is defined as the involuntary loss of urine during physical exercise.[1] High-performance and high-impact sports, such as acrobatic trampoline, weightlifting, and long-distance running, may cause a 2-fold to increase in the odds for UI in young athletes.[2,3] In middle-aged women, losing urine significantly limits physical activity.[4,5]. CrossFit is an example of high-intensity functional training (HIFT). The training consists of a combination of different exercise elements: endurance, gymnastics, and weightlifting exercises. CrossFit training sessions are organized into joint mobility, warm-up, technical part, and the main part. There are 12 different types of movements registered in CrossFit (►Fig. 1): air squat, front squat, overhead squat, shoulder press, push press, push jerk, deadlift, medicine-ball clean, sumo deadlift high pull, thruster, wall ball, and pull-up.[6]
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