Abstract
OBJECTIVELittle is known about the prevalence of β-cell autoantibodies in children with excess body weight. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes autoantibodies and its relation with hyperglycemia was analyzed in 686 overweight/obese children and adolescents.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAll children underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, and anti-GAD, anti-IA2, and anti-IAA autoantibodies were measured. Autoantibody prevalence was evaluated in 107 normal-weight children for comparison.RESULTSA single autoantibody was present in 2.18% of overweight/obese subjects and 1.86% normal-weight subjects (P = NS). Postload glycemia was significantly higher in antibody-positive children (133 ± 69.9 vs. 105.4 ± 17.7 mg/dl, P < 0.0001) compared with autoantibody-negative subjects. No difference in autoantibody distribution was seen when our cohort was stratified by age, sex, SDS-BMI, pubertal stage, and homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).CONCLUSIONSThe 2.18% prevalence of type 1 diabetes autoantibodies is similar to that reported in nonobese children. This study provided evidence that excess body weight and insulin resistance do not influence autoantibody frequency.
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