Abstract
Introduction Although primary teeth have a determinative role in development of normal occlusion, few studies about anomalies related to deciduous dentition have been conducted so far. Regarding recent improvements in common knowledge and the importance of maintaining primary teeth until eruption of succedaneous teeth, identifying the morphology of primary teeth and probable variations is of great importance to achieve optimal therapeutic outcome. This study aims to determine the prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars in a population of northwestern Iran. Materials and Methods In this descriptive cross-sectional study, periapical radiographs of patients attending private oral and maxillofacial radiology offices in the northwestern region of Iran from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 300 cases in the 3–10-year age range having bilateral periapical radiographs from mandibular primary molars were screened. First and second primary molars were observed meticulously. Gender, side of the mandible (right or left), symmetry, overall prevalence, and prevalence considering the type of molar (D or E) were recorded and analyzed. Results Overall prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars was 9.33% ( 28/300), 92.9% of which were unilateral. The prevalence of teeth showing supernumerary roots among all teeth examined was 2.5% (30/1200). Considering symmetry and gender, the occurrence of these three-rooted primary molars did not differ significantly (respectively, p=0.832 and p=0.541). However, there was a significant relationship between the occurrence of supernumerary roots and left side for three-rooted first molars and right side for three-rooted second molars (p=0.021). Conclusion Obtained data show that three-rooted mandibular primary molars in children of northwest region of Iran have a prevalence of approximately 10 % which urges some specific considerations in exodontic and endodontic procedures.
Highlights
Primary teeth have a determinative role in development of normal occlusion, few studies about anomalies related to deciduous dentition have been conducted so far
Due to the fact that the diagnosis was affected by the accuracy and expertise of the individual, 30 samples were randomly reviewed by a blinded qualified observer and Cohen’s kappa coefficient was calculated to measure interrater reliability
Out of a total of 300 children studied, the gender distribution of patients consisted of 65% girls and 35% boys and 28 cases had three-rooted primary mandibular molars. e overall prevalence was calculated to be 9.33%. e prevalence of mandibular three-rooted deciduous molars among the total number of examined teeth was 2.5% (30/1200)
Summary
Primary teeth have a determinative role in development of normal occlusion, few studies about anomalies related to deciduous dentition have been conducted so far. Is study aims to determine the prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars in a population of northwestern Iran. In this descriptive crosssectional study, periapical radiographs of patients attending private oral and maxillofacial radiology offices in the northwestern region of Iran from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Overall prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars was 9.33% ( 28/300), 92.9% of which were unilateral. Obtained data show that three-rooted mandibular primary molars in children of northwest region of Iran have a prevalence of approximately 10 % which urges some specific considerations in exodontic and endodontic procedures. In cases where there is a long time left until the eruption of succedaneous tooth, we can prevent tooth extraction and further orthodontic problems by debridement of the root canals of the deciduous tooth and maintaining nonpathological conditions until exfoliation [4,5,6]. Canal narrowing, and the physiological resorption process all contribute to the final complexity of root canal system [7].
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