Prevalence of Third Root in the Permanent Lower First Molar (in vivo study)

Abstract

Introduction: Successful endodontic treatment requires complete information about the morphology of the tooth’s root canals. Our research aims to assess the prevalence of a third root in permanent mandibular first molars among Iraqi people. Methods: Two hundred fifty-seven patients (161 females and 96 males) were involved. All patients required endodontic treatment of the permanent mandibular first molar. Regular teeth examinations were performed by two experienced Endodontists over a period of 18 months. Digital radiography and CBCT were used to investigate the presence of radix entomolaris (RE). The prevalence of a third root between males and females was compared. Statistical evaluation of the data obtained was conducted using a chi-square test with SPSS version 20, P ≤ 0.05 indicates a significant difference. Results: The total prevalence of RE was five teeth among 257 patients or 1.9%. Statistical analysis revealed a non significant difference (P > 0.05) in the prevalence of a third root between females (2/161) and males (3/96) (1.2% and 3.1% respectively). Conclusion: Third roots in mandibular first molars among Iraqi people are not rare; therefore endodontists should keep attention to detect such morphological variations when performing endodontic treatment.