Abstract
Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) commonly diagnosed in Europe. The majority of HFRS cases in the European part of Russia are diagnosed in the Volga Federal District, which includes the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). The current study aims to analyze the genetic variability of PUUV in Pre-Kama region of the RT bounded by the Volga, Kama, and Vyatka rivers. In 2017, bank voles were caught in seven isolated forest traps in the Pre-Kama region and for the 26 PUUV-positive samples, the partial small (S), medium (M), and large (L) genome segment sequences were obtained and analyzed. It was determined that all identified PUUV strains belong to the Russian (RUS) genetic lineage; however, the genetic distance between strains is not directly correlated with the geographical distance between bank vole populations. One of the identified strains has S and L segments produced from one parental strain, while the M segment was supplied by another, suggesting that this strain could be the reassortant. We suggest that the revealed pattern of the PUUV strains distribution could be the result of a series of successive multidirectional migratory flows of the bank voles to the Pre-Kama region in the postglacial period.
Highlights
IntroductionOrthohantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus, family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales) are zoonotic pathogens circulating in their respective natural reservoirs in the Old and New Worlds [1]
Orthohantaviruses are zoonotic pathogens circulating in their respective natural reservoirs in the Old and New Worlds [1]
In Eurasia, disturbed blood coagulation and kidney insufficiency are noted in patients, a condition referred to as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) [2]
Summary
Orthohantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus, family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales) are zoonotic pathogens circulating in their respective natural reservoirs in the Old and New Worlds [1]. There are two significant groups of orthohantaviruses associated with the unique clinical presentation of infection. In South and North America, orthohantavirus infection is diagnosed as a cardiopulmonary. Pathogens 2020, 9, 540 syndrome (HCPS), where cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction are commonly identified [1]. Thousands of orthohantavirus infection cases are recorded in the world [3], making it a serious health threat. Orthohantavirus virions are spherically shaped containing a segmented RNA genome of the negative polarity. The small (S), medium (M), and large (L) segments encode nucleocapsid (N) protein, envelope glycoproteins Gn and Gc, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively [4]
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