Prevalence of Systemic Hypertension Among HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Young Adults

Abstract

BackgroundAdvances in HIV care and treatment have resulted in perinatally infected children aging into adulthood. These patients may be at higher risk of HIV-associated non-AIDS conditions, including systemic hypertension (HTN). This study examined the association between HIV infection and the prevalence of HTN among young adults receiving care in West Baltimore.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of young adults with perinatally-acquired (PA) HIV frequency matched on race and sex to a stratified random sample of young adults with non perinatally-acquired (NPA) HIV and HIV-uninfected young adults (UI). All subjects were aged 18–29 years of age as of September 1, 2014. The outcome of HTN was ascertained through chart review (two systolic blood pressure measurements > = 140 mmHg or diastolic > = 90 mmHg at least three months apart; and/or physician prescription for an antihypertensive mediation). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence odds ratios (aPOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between HIV infection and HTN. All data were collected from clinics within the University of Maryland Medical System.ResultsThree hundred and twenty-four patients were included in the study, 108 per exposure group. The prevalence of HTN was 23% among PA patients, 10% among NPA patients, and 9% among UI patients. The median age was 24 (IQR 22 - 26), 95% were African American, and 42% were male. PA patients had the highest prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dyslipidemia (19% and 13% respectively) compared with NPA (1% and 3%) and UI (0% and 5%). PA patients had 3 (95% CI 1.4 - 6.6) times the base odds (controlling for matching variables) of prevalent HTN compared with UI patients and NPA had 1.1 times the base odds (95% CI 0.5 - 2.7) compared with UI patients. After controlling for race, gender, family history of HTN, and CKD, the prevalence odds ratio for HTN was 2.7 (95% CI 1.06 - 7.0) times higher for PA compared with UI, and 1.3 (95% CI 0.5 - 3.4) times higher for NPA compared with UI.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the prevalence of HTN among young adults with PA HIV is significantly higher than sex and race matched UI patients of similar age. HIV providers should carefully monitor these patients for the development of HTN, particularly as they enter adulthood.Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.