Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a health problem in both developed and developing countries, including Ethiopia. Objective In this study, the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis among presumptive TB cases who visited the hospital was assessed. Method Acid fast bacilli (AFB) test was performed on samples collected from 200 presumptive TB cases. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. Result Among 200 presumptive TB cases, 10% (20 individuals) (60% were male and 40% were female) were found to be positive for the AFB. Of these AFB positive subjects, 11.2% and 6.3% were from urban and rural areas, respectively. Among 20 AFB positive cases, 45% (9), 45% (9), and 10% (2) were HIV positive, HIV negative, and with HIV status unknown, respectively. The highest AFB positive cases were found within age group between 25 and 44 years (70%) and followed by age above 40 years (30%). It was found out that 75% (15), 15% (3), 5% (1), and 5% (1) were unemployed, government employed, student, and nongovernment employed, accordingly. Conclusion This study indicated higher level of AFB positive cases within age groups of 25–44 and 65–74 years and also exhibited higher prevalence of TB cases from urban areas.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a health problem in both developed and developing countries, including Ethiopia
The study was conducted between August and October, 2014, in Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, which is found in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia
The study was designed to investigate the incidence of the presumptive TB cases among those who visited the hospital with smear testing
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a health problem in both developed and developing countries, including Ethiopia. Among 200 presumptive TB cases, 10% (20 individuals) (60% were male and 40% were female) were found to be positive for the AFB. Of these AFB positive subjects, 11.2% and 6.3% were from urban and rural areas, respectively. Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis It is a chronic bacterial contagious disease that continues to be major public health problem in the world. In 2014 almost 9.6 million people fallen ill with TB; of this 5.4 million, 3.2 million and 1.0 million were men, women, and children, respectively From these 9.6 million new TB cases, 12% of them were HIV positive. It was estimated that 1.5 million people died of TB which included 1.1 million HIV negative and 0.4 million HIV positive cases [1]
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