Abstract
Sleep-disordered breathing is characterized by airway dysfunction that can occur in any age, but most prevalent in children, caused by the occurrence of respiratory effort, snoring or even by apnea during sleep. Therefore, the aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of sleep disorders associated with malocclusion in children aged 3 to 12 years in Mineiros, State of Goiás, Brazil. Material and Methods: this is a field research with a sample of 99 children affected by some type of sleep-disordered breathing and malocclusions. Data were collected through a questionnaire about sleep-disordered breathing and a clinical record carried out through intraoral clinical examination. Results: among the 24 children with SDB, 17 had SDB and Malocclusion, which is 70.8% of the children had SDB associated with malocclusion. Of the 75 children without SDB, 11 (14.7%) had malocclusion. Conclusion: No significant differences were found between sleep-disordered breathing and sex-related malocclusions.
Highlights
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in children, with a higher incidence in preschool children, with no gender predominance
Persistent mouth breathing affects the functioning of the stomatognathic system. (Rodrigues et al, 2020) Which can cause vertical facial enlargement, facial asymmetry, muscle hypotonia, altered resting posture of the lips and tongue, atypical swallowing, retrognathism, maxillary atresia and dental malocclusions. (Motonaga et al, 2000; Motta et al, 2009) That is the importance of being aware of SDB and malocclusions, in which the child has developed
Significant variables at 95% were analyzed to verify whether there was a difference in the presentation of disorders between the sexes and/or association of SDB and malocclusion, a Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was performed, when necessary
Summary
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in children, with a higher incidence in preschool children, with no gender predominance. It is a syndrome characterized by airway dysfunction, caused by the occurrence of respiratory effort during sleep, followed by primary snoring or even by obstructive sleep apnea. Malocclusions, on the other hand, are deviations from normality that affect the dental arch, facial bones or both and result in aesthetic, dental and functional problems (Andrade et al, 2020 e Carvalho et al, 2014). SDB has a multifactorial etiology; the main risk factors for the occurrence of SDB include tonsillar hypertrophy, dentofacial anomalies and malocclusions, which can trigger mouth breathing. Persistent mouth breathing affects the functioning of the stomatognathic system. The most viable and indicated is to undergo treatment during mixed dentition
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