Abstract
BackgroundSarcopenia is a condition that is characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle functional impairment with ageing. It is associated with poor health outcomes, premature death and a significant burden on the global health economy. The prevalence of sarcopenia in China is unknown since most of the studies are lack of uniform standard. The study was undertaken to study the prevalence of sarcopenia and the association with cognitive impairment among multi-ethnic adults aged 50 years old or older in western China.MethodsWe measured gait speed, handgrip strength and muscle mass by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for all eligible participants and 4500 participants were eligible for the analysis. We defined sarcopenia using the diagnostic algorithm recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). We assessed the participants’ cognitive functions using the 10-item Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). Relationships between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsOf 4500 participants (mean age 62.4 ± 8.3 years), 869 (19.31%) adults were sarcopenia. 446 (9.9%) participants were identified as having mild cognitive impairment, 144 (3.2%) adults were identified as having moderate/severe cognitive impairment. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnics and other potential cofounders, cognitive impairment was found to be independently associated with sarcopenia with a dosage effect (mild cognitive impairment: odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% CI 1.10–1.82; moderate/severe cognitive impairment: OR: 3.05, 95% CI 2.08–4.49). After gender stratification, the association between mild cognitive impairment with sarcopenia in male is not significant, while is still significant in female. While the association between moderate/severe cognitive impairment is independently associated with sarcopenia in both male and female.ConclusionsThe prevalence rates of sarcopenia, mild cognitive impairment, moderate/severe cognitive impairment among the communities aged 50 or older in western China were 19.31, 9.9 and 3.2%, respectively. Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with sarcopenia with a dosage effect, especially in female.
Highlights
Sarcopenia is a condition that is characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle functional impairment with ageing
Most of the participants were female (63.8%). 869 (19.31%) adults were sarcopenia, 446 (9.9%) participants were identified as having mild cognitive impairment, 144 (3.2%) adults were identified as having moderate/severe cognitive impairment
Compared to the subjects without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia were on average older, lower educational degree, living alone, bad marriage status, poor sleep quality, lower physical activities, more smoking, less drinking tea, chronic diseases comorbidities burden, higher prevalence of depression and cognitive impairment (Table 1)
Summary
Sarcopenia is a condition that is characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle functional impairment with ageing. The 2010 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) defines it as a type of progressive, extensive reduction in skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength and skeletal muscle dysfunction, leading to a decline in body function and quality of life, and even death [2]. It is generally characterized by decreased muscle mass and bone mass with aging, as well as skeletal muscle dysfunction, which in turn affects the normal physiological function and quality of life [3]. More studies of sarcopenia in the south, southeastern, and western Asia should be promoted
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