Prevalence of Rs149483638 SNP on the IGF2 Gene and Its Correlation with Type 2 Diabetes in Hispanic Populations

Abstract

Overall, American adults have a 10.5% risk of having diabetes during theirlifetime but for the Hispanic American adult, the risk is over 12.5% comparedto 7.5% in non-Hispanic whites. Hispanic Americans are a mixed groupcomprising of Mexicans, Cubans, Puerto Ricans, South and Central Americans,and other Spanish communities. This disease is very damaging and a challengeto manage for anyone. It is the seventh-largest cause of death in the UnitedStates in 2017. Detecting single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), in thehuman genome can help in determining an individual's risk of obtaining type 2diabetes. Recent studies with SNP rs149483638 have shown that the IGF2gene is associated with the identification of insulin that regulates growth andmetabolism in the human body. IGF2 is found in many tissues where it issynthesized and released into the periphery, with the highest levels in theliver. IGF2 facilitates ß-cell proliferation and survival in the pancreas. Thealleles shown in this SNP is the C>T allele change. The goal of this research wasto detect the prevalence of SNP rs149483638 by buccal swab samples in 25controls and 26 patients. DNA extraction followed by PCR and restrictionfragment length pattern using the BstNI enzyme was used to detect theprevalence of this SNP and its association with Diabetes. We found the allele C& T very predominant in the diabetes group. The allele C was also found in thecontrol group. We need to increase the sample size in the control group inorder to assess the risk of this SNP in diabetes type 2.