Abstract
Background: To estimate the prevalence of rheumatic manifestations in HIV patients and to correlate with factors such as age, sex, duration of HIV infection, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen, duration of HAART, Hb%, ESR, CRP and CD4 cell count. Methods: The study involved 382 HIV patients attending a tertiary healthcare and referral centre at Imphal, Manipur for two consecutive years. A detailed history of each patient was collected and clinical examination was performed. All the subjects were tested for hepatitis B and C co-infections, and CD4 cell count. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (ver. 16). Results: Rheumatic manifestations were observed in 145 (38.06%) HIV patients, with HIV- associated arthralgia (22.57%) being the most common manifestation. HIV-associated arthralgia showed significant relation with HAART regimen (0.04), Hb% (0.02), ESR (0.04), and CRP (0.001). In addition, factors such as duration of HIV infection (0.05), Hb% (0.01), ESR (0.04), CRP (0.04) and hepatitis B co-infection (0.04) showed significantly correlation with HIV-associated fibromyalgia. Conclusion: Increased prevalence of rheumatic manifestations was noted in HIV patients, with more incidence in HAART-sensitized population. The study highlights the need to review such manifestations at every follow-up and manage appropriately.
Highlights
To estimate the prevalence of rheumatic manifestations in HIV patients and to correlate with factors such as age, sex, duration of HIV infection, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen, duration of HAART, Hb%, ESR, CRP and CD4 cell count
Increased prevalence of rheumatic manifestations was noted in HIV patients, with more incidence in HAARTsensitized population
A prospective study has reported that out of 101 HIV patients evaluated for rheumatic manifestations, the involvement of musculoskeletal system was noted in 72 patients.[7]
Summary
The study involved 382 HIV patients attending a tertiary healthcare and referral centre at Imphal, Manipur for two consecutive years. A detailed history of each patient was collected and clinical examination was performed. All the subjects were tested for hepatitis B and C co-infections, and CD4 cell count. All the subjects were selected by random numbers created by a random number chart generator software Demographic details such as age and sex of the subjects were recorded. Detailed history regarding HIV, including duration of the infection, mode of transmission, WHO staging, and duration and regimen of HAART was collected. All the subjects underwent routine clinical investigations including complete blood counts, random blood sugar, liver and kidney function tests, routine urine, and x-ray examination of the chest.
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