Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). M. tuberculosis is a slow- growing bacterium, resistant to most conventional antimicrobial agents partly due to its impermeable cell wall. It may persist in a dormant or latent form, unsusceptible to agents targeting growing bacteria. The Gen Xpert MTB/RIF is an automated molecular test which detects DNA sequences specific for MTB and RIF resistance by polymerase chain reaction with fully integrated sample processing in patients suspected of drug sensitive or multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Objective: to determine Rifampicin Mono-Resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis among patient attending atYirgalem Hospital from August-December, 2014.Method:A cross sectional study was conducted on Rifampicin Mono-Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis among patient attending at Yirgalem Hospital from August-December, 2014,Yirgalem, Ethiopia. Result: A total of 236 participants were included under this study. Among these, males (57.6%) are slightly dominating female. Concerning to treatment history, 177 (75.0%) are new and the rest 59 (25.0%) retreated. Fifty eight (24.6%) of the total subjects were suspected for MDR tuberculosis. Twenty two (9.3%) of the subjects were smear positive. The highest positive finding of rifampcin susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli observed within age group of 16-30.The overall prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 16.5%. From this prevalence, 3.4% was shared by Rifampcin mono-resistant Tuberculosis. Conclusion: Based on our study finding, The overall prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 16.5%. From these, 3.4% was account for Rifampicin Mono-Resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis among study subject. Most of the affected study subjects were productive age group. Therefore, we recommend that there should be enhanced efforts in detection of MDR tuberculosis in study area to control dissemination of the disease among the community.
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