Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Behavioral changes in patients with epilepsy can range from depression, anxiety to psychosis and personality traits. We evaluated the frequency of psychiatric disorders (PD) in a homogenous series of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) related to mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) aiming at determining the frequency of PD and possible correlations to clinical variables and to laterality of MTS. METHODS: Data from 106 refractory TLE patients were reviewed. Psychiatric evaluation was based on DSM-IV criteria. Statistical analysis was performed through the chi-square (chi²), Student's t test and Fisher's exact test. P value considered significant was < 0.05. RESULTS: PD were found in 65 patients (61.3%). Among them, mood disorders were the most frequent (32 patients; 30%), followed by interictal (15 patients; 14%) and postictal (10 patients; 9.4%) psychosis. Postictal and interictal psychosis were significantly associated with left side MTS (p < 0.05), while PD in general and mood disorders were not associated to any side. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of PD in patients with refractory TLE associated to MTS. The most common were mood and psychotic disorders. Psychosis was significantly associated to left side. These findings are concordant with data in literature, confirming the existence of anatomic alterations, and also a possible left laterality effect in the mesial temporal lobe structures in patients with epileptic psychosis.