Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease in Zagazig University Hospitals

Abstract

Background: Psychiatric manifestations as depression, periods of adjustment, low self-Esteem, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety, and attention deficit disorders occur with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective: The aim of the work was to assess the association between psychiatric disorders and chronic kidney disease in Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Zagazig University Children's Hospital. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 156 patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, attending at Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Zagazig University Children's Hospital. All patients were subjected to complete history taking and psychiatric assessment of children that was based on the Semi Structured Clinical Interview for Children and Adolescents AGES 6-18 PROTOCOL FORM (SCICA) and the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5th edition (DSM-5). Results: Among CKD children the prevalence of anxiety was 37.2%, prevalence of eating disorder was 15.4%, prevalence of elimination disorder was 19.2% and prevalence of attention deficit was 43.6%. Prevalence of depression among CKD children was 30.8%. CKD patients on dialysis were more likely to be depressed than the pre-dialysis patients. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among CKD children was 64.7 %. This study showed that, CKD patients on dialysis were more likely to had psychiatric disorders than the pre-dialysis patients. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders were significantly higher in CKD patients. The most common psychiatric comorbidity in CKD patients was attention deficit (43.6%), followed by disruptive disorder (40.4%) and depression (30.8%). Patients with dialysis are significantly more prone to develop psychiatric disorders.