Abstract
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome that impairs quality of life and carries an increased risk of suicidal attempts. Hormonal changes may underlie these symptoms. The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female students of a medical college in Nepal. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 266 healthy young females in a medical college of Nepal from 21st June 2021 to 31st August 2021 with approval from the Institutional Review Committee 51/2021. Convenience sampling was done. Self-rated questionnaire of premenstrual symptoms screening tool was used to evaluate premenstrual dysphoric disorder. The Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool reflects and translates categorical Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria into a rating scale with degrees of severity. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for the binary data. Out of 266 female students, we found that the prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder was 10 (3.8%) (1.50-6.10 at 95% Confidence Interval). The prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in our study was found to be higher when compared to other similar studies.
Highlights
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome that impairs quality of life and carries an increased risk of suicidal attempts
Previous Nepalese studies have found prevalence of Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) as 37%8 and 2.1%9in the medical students respectively. It should be studied as it affects student’s social, academic or work performance and emotional wellbeing and carries risk of depression and suicide.[9], The study aims to find out the prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female students of a medical college in Nepal
P= prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female students of a medical college in Nepal taken as 50% for maximum sample size e= margin of error, 5% in this study
Summary
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome that impairs quality of life and carries an increased risk of suicidal attempts. Menstruation is a natural, cyclic and physiological process,[1] but most awomen feel emotional and physical discomfort a few days prior to its onset When these symptoms affect daily activities, it is known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS).[2] PMS occurs during late luteal phase and abating within a few days following the menses in > 90% of menstruating women.[3,4] The exact cause of PMS is not known.[5,6] Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of PMS and recurs for at least two menstrual cycles,[6] affecting 3-9% menstruating women.[7]. It should be studied as it affects student’s social, academic or work performance and emotional wellbeing and carries risk of depression and suicide.[9], The study aims to find out the prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female students of a medical college in Nepal
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