Abstract
BackgroundThe International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years are living with diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. It is also recognized as a complex disease that affects people of different ages due to different causes. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes at the national level. Additionally, the respective study determines the factors associated with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents at the national level.MethodsThe data for this study was carried out from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS), the first-ever nationally representative nutrition survey of children and adolescents in India. The study used a sample size of 17,865 adolescent boys and 17,965 adolescent girls for the analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression analysis were done to carve out the results.ResultsThe prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes was 12.3% and 8.4% among adolescent boys and girls in India, respectively. Body mass index and Subscapular skinfold thickness were the two most important predictors of pre-diabetes/diabetes among adolescents. Further, physical activities show a negative association with pre-diabetes/diabetes. Moreover, interaction models in the present study clearly reveal the fact that adolescent girls were less likely to suffer from pre-diabetes/diabetes than adolescent boys. Additionally, it was found that the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes was high among adolescent girls from lower socio-economic strata.ConclusionThe high prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes among adolescents portrayed serious public health concern in India. As body mass index and Subscapular skinfold thickness were positively associated with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents. Therefore, effective approaches are needed to be taken to tackle these pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents and especially among adolescent boys.
Highlights
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years are living with diabetes
The current study reveals the fact that there was a positive association between Body mass index (BMI), Subscapular skinfold thickness (SSFT), and low physical activity status with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions
It was earlier argued that diabetes is an affluent disease and it occurs among the population from higher socio-economic strata [16], the present study revealed that the disease pattern is shifting towards lower affluent population, for instance, prediabetes/diabetes condition was more among Scheduled Tribe/Scheduled Caste (SC/ST), poor and adolescents from rural areas especially in case of adolescent girls
Summary
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years are living with diabetes. Progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. It is recognized as a complex disease that affects people of different ages due to different causes. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes at the national level. The respective study determines the factors associated with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents at the national level. Estimates shows that nearly 166 million adults are overweight/obese in 2016 in India [3]. In the case of adults who are affected by diabetes, the numbers are estimated to be nearly 73 million, the second-largest in the world [1]
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