Abstract
Objectives: Adequate blood supply that must be safe depends on healthy and also with altruistic volunteers who are inclined to donate blood regardless of the potential risk of discomfort or adverse reactions. Blood donation has an tremendous safety record and most of the donors have a good experience or only a mild symptoms after donation. Although even a very low rate of reactions may pessimistic affect their inclination to donate again. The main aim of our study was to calculate the adverse donor reactions among the blood donors in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: We conducted a prospective study between January to December of 2018 in Department of Transfusion Medicine of Sir Salimullah Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Knowledgeable medical attendants drew blood from selected donors under guidance of a Medical Officer. All donors were observed during and after the procedure of blood donation for any adverse effect up to 30 minutes. Donors were asked to contact the department if they fill any adverse reaction afterwards. Results: A total of 10056 blood donors were registered to donate blood and of them 9453 (94.004%) were eligible for donation. Among 9453 eligible donors a total of 360 (3.8%) donors experienced adverse reactions. The incidence was 1 in every 27 donations. Majority of donors 101 (28.05%) who experienced adverse effect is of age group of 18-25 years with female predominance 192 (53.33%). Among the 360 donors 151(41.94%) developed vasovagal reactions, 83(23.05%) felt nauseated or vomited, 51(14.1%) hyperventilated, 25 (6.94%) cope with delayed syncope, 22 (6.11%) felt dizziness, 18 (5%) formed a hematoma around site of needle prick and 10 (2.77%) others developed problems with blood flow. No delayed donor reactions were recorded. First time donors have higher frequency 479 (79.43%) of adverse reactions than repeat donors. Conclusion: The prevalence was reasonably low in this study of tertiary center. But still it is a potential problem for the donors, especially the new donors. All donors should be briefed prior to donation about the probable side effects of donation. Donation related adverse reactions are often a multifactorial process and can further be minimized by using previous knowledge to prevent it. Donors with adverse effects must be encouraged for future donations along with donor education.
Highlights
[8] Chronic adverse reactions such as iron depletion can occur in regular voluntary donors which commonly results in iron deficiency anemia. [9]
3 RESULTS: Total 10056 donors were registered during the study period, 9453 (94.004%) were eligible for donation and 603 (5.996%) blood donors were deferred due to various reasons
[13] Our study revealed different adverse donor reactions in 3.8% of donors from in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Summary
The obtainability of the donated blood supply is depending on members of the community who choose to donate. [1]One of the most influential predictors of return is a positive donation experience itself. [2] Blood donors usually permit the donation very well, but sometimes adverse reactions of variable severity may occur during or at the end of the collection. [3] In contrast to a positive donation experience, an adverse reaction to blood donation is a negative event242 Dr Daanish Arefin Biswas, Afrose and shraful Hoque known to impact subsequent blood donation. [4] An inauspicious event was defined as the symptoms or signs of the donor discomfort of adequate severity such that either the donor drawing the attention of the attending staff or they were noticed by staff while pain at the time of venipuncture was excluded. [3] Amelioration of some unfavorable events has the likely to improve return rate. [4] Studies have documented that donor reactions are associated with lower donor return. [3] In contrast to a positive donation experience, an adverse reaction to blood donation is a negative event. [4] Studies have documented that donor reactions are associated with lower donor return It causes pain, anxiety, and awkwardness to the donors who evolved the inauspicious reaction along with uneasiness, anxiety, and agitation among the donors who are looking for the donation. These symptoms range from a mild vasovagal reaction (VVR), nausea, vomiting, and hyperventilation to hematoma, incontinence, nerve injury, arterial prick, and may culminate in delayed syncope, cardiac arrest, and seizures. [8] Chronic adverse reactions such as iron depletion can occur in regular voluntary donors which commonly results in iron deficiency anemia. Nerve damage can present with numbness, tingling, radiating pain, with occasional loss of strength but since peripheral nerves can regenerate and heal; total recovery occurs in over 90%, but it can take a prolonged time. [8] Chronic adverse reactions such as iron depletion can occur in regular voluntary donors which commonly results in iron deficiency anemia. [9]
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